Installation

Make sure you have Git installed bash sudo apt install git

Verify with bash git --version

---

Create a Repository

1. Create a new repo

   git init --initial-branch=main
   

2. Write a simple “Hello World” program

   #include <iostream>
   int main()
   {
       std::cout << "Hello World!" << std::endl;
       return 0;
   }
   

3. Compile it

   g++ hello.cpp
   

4. Make sure it runs

   ./a.out
   

   Then see what has changed in the repo with this command

   git status
   

5. Now stage the source code

   git add hello.cpp
   

6. Commit the changes

   # -m adds a commit message, make sure it is informative!
   git commit -m "Initial Commit"
   

7. Create a git ignore file

   echo "a.out" > .gitignore
   

8. To view the history of the repo

   git log
   

   Shows who made what changes and when

9. Push the repo to remote repository

   git remote set-url origin sample_URL.com && git push
   

10. Get the latest updates from the remote repository, but do not modify head

    git fetch
    

11. Get the latest updates from the remote repository

    git pull
    

Cloning Repositories

Say you need to collaborate with another developer. In this case you will clone their repo onto your system so that you can make your changes. And you will do this on a separate branch

1. Clone the Repo

   git clone collaborator_URL.com
   
   # Create a new Branch for your changes
   git checkout -b Your_Branch
   

2. Make your changes and check what files you modified

   git status
   

3. Check if your files have been tracked and then Commit and Push

   git add <files you created>
   or
   git add .
   
   #check your working area to make sure the files are tracked
   git status
   
   #push all your changes
   git commit -a -m "Created files X,Y,Z and changed A,B,C"
   
   # You would ideally be working on your own branch: Denoted as Your_Branch
   git push origin Your_Branch
   
   

4. Validate your changes with

   git log